Margaret Haney, PhD, tus xibfwb ntawm neurobiology hauv kev puas siab puas ntsws ntawm Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians thiab Surgeons thiab tus thawj coj ntawm Columbia's Cannabis Research Laboratory. Nws yog ib qho ntawm cov kws tshawb fawb nkaus xwb uas ncaj qha kuaj cov teebmeem ntawm cannabis rau tib neeg thiab kawm txog nws cov teebmeem. "Nws yog cov tshuaj polarizing tshaj plaws uas kuv tau kawm. Nws tseem yog polarizing ntawm cov kws tshawb fawb."
Haney ntseeg hais tias cov nroj tsuag thiab nws cov neeg sawv cev muaj peev xwm kho tau tab sis muaj kev txhawj xeeb tias tsis muaj cov ntaub ntawv tshawb fawb txaus los qhia cov kws kho mob, cov nom tswv, cov neeg pov npav, lossis lwm tus ntawm yuav ua li cas ntsuas kev siv cannabis tiag tiag. "Koj tsis tas yuav tiv thaiv - cannabis xav tau cov ntaub ntawv," nws hais.
Cannabis tsis tshua muaj kev sib tw, cov placebo- tswj cov pov thawj, cov txheej txheem yuav tsum tau ua ntawm txhua lwm yam tshuaj. Qhov no feem ntau yog vim cov tshuaj txhaum cai ntawm tsoomfwv qib siab, uas ua rau nws nyuaj rau kev kawm. Tab sis nrog cov nom tswv thiab cov neeg pov npav, tsis yog pov thawj, txiav txim siab dab tsi yog tshuaj, cannabis tuaj yeem suav tias muaj txiaj ntsig zoo los kho kev ntxhov siab thiab mob taub hau hauv ib lub xeev (xws li New Jersey) tab sis tsis yog lwm qhov (xws li New York). "Xav txog seb qhov ntawd puas yog tshuaj tua kab mob lossis tshuaj tiv thaiv kev nyuaj siab," Haney hais.
Conflating ob yam ntawm kev cai lij choj cannabis-kev ua si thiab kev kho mob- yog qhov tsis zoo rau txhua tus, nws hais. "Tib neeg yuav tsum xav kom meej txog kev ua si thiab kev kho mob siv cannabis raws li cov teeb meem sib cais. Cia peb txiav txim siab ua lub teb chaws txog kev siv ua si, tab sis cov neeg pov npav yuav tsum tsis txhob txiav txim siab tias yog tshuaj dab tsi."
Puas yog cannabis zoo lossis phem?
Nws yog ob leeg.
"Cannabis yog ib qho tshuaj qub nrog kev tshawb fawb tshiab," hais tias Haney, sau tseg tias FDA tau pom zoo qee yam cannabinoids los kho anorexia, xeev siab, thiab ntuav hauv cov neeg mob AIDS thiab mob qog noj ntshav thiab tiv thaiv kev qaug dab peg hauv qee cov menyuam yaus uas muaj mob vwm.
Tam sim no potency yog ib qho teeb meem tseem ceeb. Hauv xyoo 1970, thaum kev siv cannabis niaj hnub yog qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm cov tub ntxhais kawm theem siab, qhov nruab nrab lub zog ntawm lub paj yog 1% txog 4% THC. Nyob rau hauv 2014 nws yog 12% mus rau 19%. Niaj hnub no koj tuaj yeem yuav cov concentrates uas yog 80% txog 90%. Haney hais tias, "Nws yog ib qho sib txawv ntawm cov cab cab."
Rau txhua qhov kev thov tias cannabis, suav nrog CBD, tuaj yeem kho mob qog noj ntshav lossis ntshav qab zib mellitus, pab ib tus neeg poob phaus, lossis cov tsiaj nyob ntsiag to yog qhov teeb meem ntawm kev noj ntau npaum li cas (ntau npaum li cas) thiab hauv daim ntawv twg (tinctures, tshuaj, haus luam yeeb, vaping, lotions). Ib zaug ntxiv, nug Haney, cov pej xeem yuav ntsuas cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm kev kho tshuaj thiab kev tsim tshuaj li cas?
Dab tsi yog qhov tseeb hauv cov khoom lag luam cannabis ntawm kev ua lag luam yog lwm qhov tsis paub. Txhua yam uas tau tshaj tawm tias muaj CBD hauv nws, piv txwv li, tej zaum yuav lossis tsis suav nrog CBD.
Haney hais tias, "Kuv tsis muab tus menyuam pov tseg nrog dej da dej," Haney hais. "Kuv yeej xav nkag siab txog cov peev txheej kho mob ntawm CBD thiab THC thiab tag nrho lwm yam cannabinoids. Tab sis peb xav tau kev sim tswj randomized, siv cov khoom lag luam muaj kev nyab xeeb ntawm cov khoom muaj npe paub."
Kev tshawb nrhiav cannabis tam sim no
Kev tshawb fawb cannabis yuav luag ua tsis tau. Txawm hais tias cannabis raug cai hauv ntau lub xeev rau kev ua si lossis siv kho mob, lub xeev txoj cai tsis tso cai rau cov kws tshawb fawb los tshawb fawb txog cannabis. FDA tsuas tso cai rau cov kws tshawb fawb los kawm cov khoom lag luam cannabis nrog cov ntaub ntawv meej txog kev tsim khoom. Cannabis dispensaries thiab tuam txhab lag luam tsis muaj cov ntaub ntawv FDA xav tau kom tso cai rau cov kws tshawb fawb los sim cov khoom lag luam cannabis.
"Peb nyob nraum woefully qab nyob rau hauv kev txiav txim seb yuav ua li cas yuav pab tau. Ib lab kev tshawb fawb yuav tsum tau ua,"Haney hais. Tam sim no, nws thiab nws cov npoj yaig tab tom sim ntau hom cannabis kom pom tias lawv sib piv li cas ntawm kev txo qhov mob thiab ua rau qaug cawv. Lawv puas siv tau? Lawv puas ua haujlwm nyob rau lub sijhawm? Puas yog cov neeg uas pib siv cov cannabis ua cov tshuaj tsim muaj kev siv cannabis?
Haney thiab nws pab neeg tseem tab tom kawm txog kev cuam tshuam ntawm nicotine thiab THC. "Txhua yam tshuaj ntawm kev tsim txom [cov tshuaj noj rau cov laj thawj tsis yog kho mob] cuam tshuam nrog kev siv tshuaj nicotine ntau ntxiv," Haney hais. Ob leeg sib tham li cas? Yuav hloov li cas yog ib tug neeg txiav luam yeeb?
"Nws yog lub sijhawm zoo siab heev los kawm txog cannabis thiab cannabinoids. Nyob rau hauv 20 xyoo dhau los tau pom tias muaj kev nce qib hauv peb txoj kev nkag siab ntawm endocannabinoids [lub cev THC- zoo li tshuaj lom neeg] ntawm qib synaptic, lawv lub luag haujlwm hauv neural circuits, thiab qhov cuam tshuam ntawm cannabis thiab nws cov koom haum. Tab sis muaj ntau yam ntxiv los kawm."
